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		<title>USGS Multimedia Gallery for Set: Bats</title>

		<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/</link>
		<language>en-us</language>
		<managingEditor>OC_Web@usgs.gov (Office of Communications Web Group)</managingEditor>
		
		<image>
			<url>http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/USGS.gif</url>
			<title>USGS</title>
			<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/</link>
		</image>

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Endangered Hawaiian Hoary Bat]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/05_31_2012_mRIt48Wkj1_05_31_2012_1</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[<p>An endangered Hawaiian hoary bat, a species that is sometimes killed by wind turbines. USGS scientists from Hawaii and Colorado are devising a way to directly observe bat occurrence and behavior at wind turbines using a video system composed of high-powered illuminators and near-infrared cameras.&nbsp; This new approach images the full rotor-swept areas of wind turbines for entire nights and long durations, and then uses advanced image-processing software to automatically find flying bats and birds in the copious amounts of recorded footage. This a significant step in developing a feasible method to enhance our understanding of how wind turbines affect bats and nocturnal migratory birds, with the ultimate goal of finding new ways for wind-energy development to continue expanding while reducing the harmful effects of this renewable energy source on wildlife.</p>]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/05_31_2012/mRIt48Wkj1_05_31_2012/thumbs/Hawaiian_Hoary_Bat_1_Frank_Bonaccorso_USGS.JPG"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/05_31_2012/mRIt48Wkj1_05_31_2012/large/Hawaiian_Hoary_Bat_1_Frank_Bonaccorso_USGS.JPG"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Insect-Eating Brazilian Free-Tailed Bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) in a Texas Evening Sky]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/03_28_2011_ydt2WJi77Q_03_28_2011_0</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[<p>Insect-eating bats provide a great pest-control service to agriculture and natural ecosystems.</p>]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/03_28_2011/ydt2WJi77Q_03_28_2011/thumbs/bats_against_sky_by_Paul_Cryan.JPG"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/03_28_2011/ydt2WJi77Q_03_28_2011/large/bats_against_sky_by_Paul_Cryan.JPG"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Side View of Insect-Eating Spotted Bat (Euderma maculatum) in New Mexico]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/03_28_2011_ydt2WJi77Q_03_28_2011_1</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[<p>This spotted bat, native to western North America, is a hibernating insect-eating bat that may be at risk as the disease white-nose syndrome moves westward.</p>]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/03_28_2011/ydt2WJi77Q_03_28_2011/thumbs/side_view_of_spotted_bat_-Euderma_maculatum-_by_Paul_Cryan.jpg"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/03_28_2011/ydt2WJi77Q_03_28_2011/large/side_view_of_spotted_bat_-Euderma_maculatum-_by_Paul_Cryan.jpg"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Wind Turbines on a Farm]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/03_28_2011_d28Kc54BAu_03_28_2011_0</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[<p>Scientists have found that wind turbines are causing fatalities of certain species of migratory insect-eating bats, although a March 2011 study in Science suggests that solutions to reduce the impacts of wind turbines on bats may be possible.</p>]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/03_28_2011/d28Kc54BAu_03_28_2011/thumbs/turbines_and_farm_with_corn_-cropped-_by_paul_cryan.jpg"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/03_28_2011/d28Kc54BAu_03_28_2011/large/turbines_and_farm_with_corn_-cropped-_by_paul_cryan.jpg"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Bat with White-nose Syndrome]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/12_15_2010_iMDp26Rff0_12_15_2010_0</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[<p>Hibernating little brown bat with white muzzle typical of White-nose syndrome.</p>]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/12_15_2010/iMDp26Rff0_12_15_2010/thumbs/PA_09_greg.jpg"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/12_15_2010/iMDp26Rff0_12_15_2010/large/PA_09_greg.jpg"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[The Effects of Geomyces Destructans Infection on Bat Wings]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/12_14_2010_typ0SfeRQL_12_14_2010_0</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[<p>Back-lit photographs of wings of White-nose Syndrome (WNS)-positive little brown bats, one with subtle circular and irregular pale areas (arrows) indicating areas of fungal infection (A) and another bat (B) with areas of relatively normal tone and elasticity (black arrow), compared to a WNS affected area that looks like crumpled tissue paper with loss of elasticity, surface sheen and areas of irregular pigmentation (white arrow). (C) Microscopic section of wing membrane from a little brown bat showing extensive infection with the fungus (magenta structures), <em>G. destructans</em>.</p>]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/12_14_2010/typ0SfeRQL_12_14_2010/thumbs/Fig_1_newCryan.jpg"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/12_14_2010/typ0SfeRQL_12_14_2010/large/Fig_1_newCryan.jpg"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Wind Energy Facility]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/10_19_2009_s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009_0</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[Wind energy facility in the Northeastern United States. An unexpected number of dead bats began appearing beneath industrial-scale wind turbines in North America and Europe during the past 10 years.]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/thumbs/01_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/large/01_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Wind Turbines]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/10_19_2009_s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009_1</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[Wind turbines at certain sites in North America each cause dozens of bat fatalities per year. ]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/thumbs/02_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/large/02_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Wind Turbine]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/10_19_2009_s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009_2</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[Most modern wind turbines are taller than a 30-story building. Field biologist Apple Snider stands at the base of a turbine in New York for scale.]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/thumbs/03_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/large/03_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Wind Turbine Blade]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/10_19_2009_s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009_3</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[This photo shows one of the three 135-ft blades of a turbine before installation. Although the blades of wind turbines appear to move quite slowly to the human eye, blade tips often move at speeds faster than 100 mph. ]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/thumbs/04_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/large/04_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Hoary Bat]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/10_19_2009_s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009_4</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[A hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus) roosting on the branch of a tree. About half of all bat fatalities documented in North America involve hoary bats, a migratory species that roosts in the foliage of trees.]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/thumbs/05_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.jpg"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/large/05_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.jpg"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Hoary Bat Victim]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/10_19_2009_s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009_5</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[A hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus) found dead beneath a wind turbine, an apparent victim of a blade strike or near-contact barotrauma (lung failure from severe and abrupt pressure change; here, caused by the spinning blades). Prior to the problem of bat fatalities at wind turbines, biologists rarely encountered hoary bats.]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/thumbs/06_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/large/06_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Bats and Wind Energy]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/10_19_2009_s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009_6</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[USGS biologist Paul Cryan examines the carcass of a hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus) found beneath a wind turbine. By examining the casualties, biologists hope to learn more about why migratory bats are so susceptible to wind turbines. ]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/thumbs/07_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/large/07_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Bats and Wind Energy]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/10_19_2009_s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009_7</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[USGS biologist Paul Cryan. Biologists hope to learn more about the scale and causes of bat fatalities at wind turbines by searching for carcasses of bats beneath turbines and carefully documenting the conditions under which they are found.]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/thumbs/08_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/large/08_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Wind Turbine]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/10_19_2009_s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009_8</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[The species of bats that are most susceptible to wind turbines all roost in trees throughout the year, leading some scientists to speculate that they may be visually mistaking wind turbines for trees in which to roost.]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/thumbs/09_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/large/09_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Wind Turbines]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/10_19_2009_s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009_9</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[Some of the larger wind energy facilities in North America are composed of hundreds of wind turbines dispersed across tens of thousands of acres, like this one in Colorado. ]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/thumbs/10_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.jpg"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/large/10_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.jpg"/>
			</item>                  

			<item>
				<title><![CDATA[Bat with Radio Transmitter]]></title>
				<link>http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/10_19_2009_s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009_10</link>
				<media:description><![CDATA[USGS biologist Paul Cryan releases a bat carrying a miniature radio transmitter. Researchers are increasingly turning to high-tech methods to try to learn more about the mysterious lives of bats. ]]></media:description>
				<media:thumbnail url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/thumbs/11_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
				<media:content type="image/jpeg" url="http://gallery.usgs.gov/images/10_19_2009/s84Aq11PPk_10_19_2009/large/11_Bats_and_Wind_Energy.JPG"/>
			</item>                  

		
                
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